Proyectos de Subversion Moodle

<?php
// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
//
// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

namespace core;

defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();

require_once(__DIR__.'/fixtures/lib.php');

/**
 * Test grade items
 *
 * @package    core
 * @category   test
 * @copyright  nicolas@moodle.com
 * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
 */
class grade_item_test extends \grade_base_testcase {
    public function test_grade_item(): void {
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_construct();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_insert();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_delete();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_update();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_load_scale();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_load_outcome();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_qualifies_for_regrading();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_force_regrading();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_fetch();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_fetch_all();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_get_all_finals();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_get_final();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_get_sortorder();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_set_sortorder();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_move_after_sortorder();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_get_name_escaped();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_get_name_unescaped();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_set_parent();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_get_parent_category();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_load_parent_category();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_get_item_category();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_load_item_category();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_regrade_final_grades();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_adjust_raw_grade();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_rescale_grades_keep_percentage();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_set_locked();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_is_locked();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_set_hidden();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_is_hidden();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_is_category_item();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_is_course_item();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_fetch_course_item();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_depends_on();
        $this->sub_test_refresh_grades();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_is_calculated();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_set_calculation();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_get_calculation();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_compute();
        $this->sub_test_update_final_grade();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_can_control_visibility();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_fix_sortorder();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_created_event();
        $this->sub_test_grade_item_updated_event();
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_construct() {
        $params = new \stdClass();

        $params->courseid = $this->courseid;
        $params->categoryid = $this->grade_categories[1]->id;
        $params->itemname = 'unittestgradeitem4';
        $params->itemtype = 'mod';
        $params->itemmodule = 'database';
        $params->iteminfo = 'Grade item used for unit testing';

        $grade_item = new \grade_item($params, false);

        $this->assertEquals($params->courseid, $grade_item->courseid);
        $this->assertEquals($params->categoryid, $grade_item->categoryid);
        $this->assertEquals($params->itemmodule, $grade_item->itemmodule);
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_insert() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item();
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'insert'));

        $grade_item->courseid = $this->courseid;
        $grade_item->categoryid = $this->grade_categories[1]->id;
        $grade_item->itemname = 'unittestgradeitem4';
        $grade_item->itemtype = 'mod';
        $grade_item->itemmodule = 'quiz';
        $grade_item->iteminfo = 'Grade item used for unit testing';

        $grade_item->insert();

        $last_grade_item = end($this->grade_items);

        $this->assertEquals($grade_item->id, $last_grade_item->id + 1);
        $this->assertEquals(18, $grade_item->sortorder);

        // Keep our reference collection the same as what is in the database.
        $this->grade_items[] = $grade_item;
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_delete() {
        global $DB;
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[7], false); // Use a grade item not touched by previous (or future) tests.
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'delete'));

        // Add two files.
        $dummy = array(
            'contextid' => $grade_item->get_context()->id,
            'component' => GRADE_FILE_COMPONENT,
            'filearea' => GRADE_HISTORY_FEEDBACK_FILEAREA,
            'itemid' => 1,
            'filepath' => '/',
            'filename' => 'feedback1.txt'
        );

        $fs = get_file_storage();
        $fs->create_file_from_string($dummy, '');

        $dummy['itemid'] = 2;
        $fs->create_file_from_string($dummy, '');

        $files = $fs->get_area_files($grade_item->get_context()->id, GRADE_FILE_COMPONENT, GRADE_HISTORY_FEEDBACK_FILEAREA);
        // Includes directories.
        $this->assertCount(4, $files);

        $this->assertTrue($grade_item->delete());

        $this->assertFalse($DB->get_record('grade_items', array('id' => $grade_item->id)));

        $files = $fs->get_area_files($grade_item->get_context()->id, GRADE_FILE_COMPONENT, GRADE_HISTORY_FEEDBACK_FILEAREA);
        $this->assertEmpty($files);

        // Keep our reference collection the same as the database.
        unset($this->grade_items[7]);
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_update() {
        global $DB;
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[0], false);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'update'));

        $grade_item->iteminfo = 'Updated info for this unittest grade_item';

        $this->assertTrue($grade_item->update());

        $grade_item->grademin = 14;
        $this->assertTrue($grade_item->qualifies_for_regrading());
        $this->assertTrue($grade_item->update());

        $iteminfo = $DB->get_field('grade_items', 'iteminfo', array('id' => $this->grade_items[0]->id));
        $this->assertEquals($grade_item->iteminfo, $iteminfo);
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_load_scale() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[2], false);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'load_scale'));
        $scale = $grade_item->load_scale();
        $this->assertFalse(empty($grade_item->scale));
        $this->assertEquals($scale->id, $this->grade_items[2]->scaleid);
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_load_outcome() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[0], false);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'load_outcome'));
        // TODO: add tests.
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_qualifies_for_regrading() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[3], false); // Use a grade item not touched by previous tests.
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'qualifies_for_regrading'));

        $this->assertFalse($grade_item->qualifies_for_regrading());

        $grade_item->iteminfo = 'Updated info for this unittest grade_item';

        $this->assertFalse($grade_item->qualifies_for_regrading());

        $grade_item->grademin = 14;

        $this->assertTrue($grade_item->qualifies_for_regrading());
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_force_regrading() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[3], false); // Use a grade item not touched by previous tests.
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'force_regrading'));

        $this->assertEquals(0, $grade_item->needsupdate);

        $grade_item->force_regrading();
        $this->assertEquals(1, $grade_item->needsupdate);
        $grade_item->update_from_db();
        $this->assertEquals(1, $grade_item->needsupdate);
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_fetch() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item();
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'fetch'));

        // Not using $this->grade_items[0] as it's iteminfo was modified by sub_test_grade_item_qualifies_for_regrading().
        $grade_item = \grade_item::fetch(array('id'=>$this->grade_items[1]->id));
        $this->assertEquals($this->grade_items[1]->id, $grade_item->id);
        $this->assertEquals($this->grade_items[1]->iteminfo, $grade_item->iteminfo);

        $grade_item = \grade_item::fetch(array('itemtype'=>$this->grade_items[1]->itemtype, 'itemmodule'=>$this->grade_items[1]->itemmodule));
        $this->assertEquals($this->grade_items[1]->id, $grade_item->id);
        $this->assertEquals($this->grade_items[1]->iteminfo, $grade_item->iteminfo);
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_fetch_all() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item();
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'fetch_all'));

        $grade_items = \grade_item::fetch_all(array('courseid'=>$this->courseid));
        $this->assertEquals(count($this->grade_items), count($grade_items)-1); // -1 to account for the course grade item.
    }

    // Retrieve all final scores for a given grade_item.
    protected function sub_test_grade_item_get_all_finals() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[0], false);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'get_final'));

        $final_grades = $grade_item->get_final();
        $this->assertEquals(3, count($final_grades));
    }


    // Retrieve all final scores for a specific userid.
    protected function sub_test_grade_item_get_final() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[0], false);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'get_final'));
        $final_grade = $grade_item->get_final($this->user[1]->id);
        $this->assertEquals($this->grade_grades[0]->finalgrade, $final_grade->finalgrade);
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_get_sortorder() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[0], false);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'get_sortorder'));
        $sortorder = $grade_item->get_sortorder();
        $this->assertEquals($this->grade_items[0]->sortorder, $sortorder);
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_set_sortorder() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[0], false);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'set_sortorder'));
        $grade_item->set_sortorder(999);
        $this->assertEquals($grade_item->sortorder, 999);
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_move_after_sortorder() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[0], false);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'move_after_sortorder'));
        $grade_item->move_after_sortorder(5);
        $this->assertEquals($grade_item->sortorder, 6);

        $grade_item = \grade_item::fetch(array('id'=>$this->grade_items[0]->id));
        $this->assertEquals($grade_item->sortorder, 6);

        $after = \grade_item::fetch(array('id'=>$this->grade_items[6]->id));
        $this->assertEquals($after->sortorder, 8);
    }

    /**
     * Tests the getter of the item name with escaped HTML.
     */
    protected function sub_test_grade_item_get_name_escaped() {
        $gradeitem = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[0], false);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($gradeitem, 'get_name'));
        $this->assertEquals(format_string($this->grade_items[0]->itemname, true, ['escape' => true]),
            $gradeitem->get_name(false, true));
    }

    /**
     * Tests the getter of the item name with unescaped HTML.
     */
    protected function sub_test_grade_item_get_name_unescaped() {
        $gradeitem = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[0], false);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($gradeitem, 'get_name'));
        $this->assertEquals(format_string($this->grade_items[0]->itemname, true, ['escape' => false]),
            $gradeitem->get_name(false, false));
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_set_parent() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[0], false);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'set_parent'));

        $old = $grade_item->get_parent_category();
        $new = new \grade_category($this->grade_categories[3], false);
        $new_item = $new->get_grade_item();

        $this->assertTrue($grade_item->set_parent($new->id));

        $new_item->update_from_db();
        $grade_item->update_from_db();

        $this->assertEquals($grade_item->categoryid, $new->id);
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_get_parent_category() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[0], false);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'get_parent_category'));

        $category = $grade_item->get_parent_category();
        $this->assertEquals($this->grade_categories[1]->fullname, $category->fullname);
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_load_parent_category() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[0], false);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'load_parent_category'));

        $category = $grade_item->load_parent_category();
        $this->assertEquals($this->grade_categories[1]->fullname, $category->fullname);
        $this->assertEquals($this->grade_categories[1]->fullname, $grade_item->parent_category->fullname);
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_get_item_category() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[3], false);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'get_item_category'));

        $category = $grade_item->get_item_category();
        $this->assertEquals($this->grade_categories[0]->fullname, $category->fullname);
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_load_item_category() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[3], false);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'load_item_category'));

        $category = $grade_item->load_item_category();
        $this->assertEquals($this->grade_categories[0]->fullname, $category->fullname);
        $this->assertEquals($this->grade_categories[0]->fullname, $grade_item->item_category->fullname);
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_regrade_final_grades() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[0], false);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'regrade_final_grades'));
        $this->assertEquals(true, $grade_item->regrade_final_grades());
        // TODO: add more tests.
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_adjust_raw_grade() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[2], false); // Anything but assignment module!
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'adjust_raw_grade'));

        $grade_raw = new \stdClass();
        $grade_raw->rawgrade = 40;
        $grade_raw->grademax = 100;
        $grade_raw->grademin = 0;

        $grade_item->gradetype = GRADE_TYPE_VALUE;
        $grade_item->multfactor = 1;
        $grade_item->plusfactor = 0;
        $grade_item->grademax = 50;
        $grade_item->grademin = 0;

        $original_grade_raw  = clone($grade_raw);
        $original_grade_item = clone($grade_item);

        $this->assertEquals(20, $grade_item->adjust_raw_grade($grade_raw->rawgrade, $grade_raw->grademin, $grade_raw->grademax));

        // Try a larger maximum grade.
        $grade_item->grademax = 150;
        $grade_item->grademin = 0;
        $this->assertEquals(60, $grade_item->adjust_raw_grade($grade_raw->rawgrade, $grade_raw->grademin, $grade_raw->grademax));

        // Try larger minimum grade.
        $grade_item->grademin = 50;

        $this->assertEquals(90, $grade_item->adjust_raw_grade($grade_raw->rawgrade, $grade_raw->grademin, $grade_raw->grademax));

        // Rescaling from a small scale (0-50) to a larger scale (0-100).
        $grade_raw->grademax = 50;
        $grade_raw->grademin = 0;
        $grade_item->grademax = 100;
        $grade_item->grademin = 0;

        $this->assertEquals(80, $grade_item->adjust_raw_grade($grade_raw->rawgrade, $grade_raw->grademin, $grade_raw->grademax));

        // Rescaling from a small scale (0-50) to a larger scale with offset (40-100).
        $grade_item->grademax = 100;
        $grade_item->grademin = 40;

        $this->assertEquals(88, $grade_item->adjust_raw_grade($grade_raw->rawgrade, $grade_raw->grademin, $grade_raw->grademax));

        // Try multfactor and plusfactor.
        $grade_raw = clone($original_grade_raw);
        $grade_item = clone($original_grade_item);
        $grade_item->multfactor = 1.23;
        $grade_item->plusfactor = 3;

        $this->assertEquals(27.6, $grade_item->adjust_raw_grade($grade_raw->rawgrade, $grade_raw->grademin, $grade_raw->grademax));

        // Try multfactor below 0 and a negative plusfactor.
        $grade_raw = clone($original_grade_raw);
        $grade_item = clone($original_grade_item);
        $grade_item->multfactor = 0.23;
        $grade_item->plusfactor = -3;

        $this->assertEquals(round(1.6), round($grade_item->adjust_raw_grade($grade_raw->rawgrade, $grade_raw->grademin, $grade_raw->grademax)));
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_rescale_grades_keep_percentage() {
        global $DB;
        $gradeitem = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[10], false); // 10 is the manual grade item.

        // Create some grades to go with the grade item.
        $gradeids = array();
        $grade = new \stdClass();
        $grade->itemid = $gradeitem->id;
        $grade->userid = $this->user[2]->id;
        $grade->finalgrade = 10;
        $grade->rawgrademax = $gradeitem->grademax;
        $grade->rawgrademin = $gradeitem->grademin;
        $grade->timecreated = time();
        $grade->timemodified = time();
        $gradeids[] = $DB->insert_record('grade_grades', $grade);

        $grade->userid = $this->user[3]->id;
        $grade->finalgrade = 50;
        $grade->rawgrademax = $gradeitem->grademax;
        $grade->rawgrademin = $gradeitem->grademin;
        $gradeids[] = $DB->insert_record('grade_grades', $grade);

        // Run the function.
        $gradeitem->grademax = 33;
        $gradeitem->grademin = 3;
        $gradeitem->update();
        $gradeitem->rescale_grades_keep_percentage(0, 100, 3, 33, 'test');

        // Check that the grades were updated to match the grade item.
        $grade = $DB->get_record('grade_grades', array('id' => $gradeids[0]));
        $this->assertEqualsWithDelta($gradeitem->grademax, $grade->rawgrademax, 0.0001, 'Max grade mismatch');
        $this->assertEqualsWithDelta($gradeitem->grademin, $grade->rawgrademin, 0.0001, 'Min grade mismatch');
        $this->assertEqualsWithDelta(6, $grade->finalgrade, 0.0001, 'Min grade mismatch');

        $grade = $DB->get_record('grade_grades', array('id' => $gradeids[1]));
        $this->assertEqualsWithDelta($gradeitem->grademax, $grade->rawgrademax, 0.0001, 'Max grade mismatch');
        $this->assertEqualsWithDelta($gradeitem->grademin, $grade->rawgrademin, 0.0001, 'Min grade mismatch');
        $this->assertEqualsWithDelta(18, $grade->finalgrade, 0.0001, 'Min grade mismatch');
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_set_locked() {
        // Getting a grade_item from the DB as set_locked() will fail if the grade items needs to be updated
        // also needs to have at least one grade_grade or $grade_item->get_final(1) returns null.
        // $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[8]);
        $grade_item = \grade_item::fetch(array('id'=>$this->grade_items[8]->id));

        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'set_locked'));

        $grade_grade = new \grade_grade($grade_item->get_final($this->user[1]->id), false);
        $this->assertTrue(empty($grade_item->locked));// Not locked.
        $this->assertTrue(empty($grade_grade->locked));// Not locked.

        $this->assertTrue($grade_item->set_locked(true, true, false));
        $grade_grade = new \grade_grade($grade_item->get_final($this->user[1]->id), false);

        $this->assertFalse(empty($grade_item->locked));// Locked.
        $this->assertFalse(empty($grade_grade->locked)); // Individual grades should be locked too.

        $this->assertTrue($grade_item->set_locked(false, true, false));
        $grade = new \grade_grade($grade_item->get_final($this->user[1]->id), false);

        $this->assertTrue(empty($grade_item->locked));
        $this->assertTrue(empty($grade->locked)); // Individual grades should be unlocked too.
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_is_locked() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[10], false);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'is_locked'));

        $this->assertFalse($grade_item->is_locked());
        $this->assertFalse($grade_item->is_locked($this->user[1]->id));
        $this->assertTrue($grade_item->set_locked(true, true, false));
        $this->assertTrue($grade_item->is_locked());
        $this->assertTrue($grade_item->is_locked($this->user[1]->id));
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_set_hidden() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[0], false);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'set_hidden'));

        $grade = new \grade_grade($grade_item->get_final($this->user[1]->id), false);
        $this->assertEquals(0, $grade_item->hidden);
        $this->assertEquals(0, $grade->hidden);

        $grade_item->set_hidden(666, true);
        $grade = new \grade_grade($grade_item->get_final($this->user[1]->id), false);

        $this->assertEquals(666, $grade_item->hidden);
        $this->assertEquals(666, $grade->hidden);
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_is_hidden() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[0], false);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'is_hidden'));

        $this->assertFalse($grade_item->is_hidden());
        $this->assertFalse($grade_item->is_hidden(1));

        $grade_item->set_hidden(1);
        $this->assertTrue($grade_item->is_hidden());
        $this->assertTrue($grade_item->is_hidden(1));

        $grade_item->set_hidden(666);
        $this->assertFalse($grade_item->is_hidden());
        $this->assertFalse($grade_item->is_hidden(1));

        $grade_item->set_hidden(time()+666);
        $this->assertTrue($grade_item->is_hidden());
        $this->assertTrue($grade_item->is_hidden(1));
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_is_category_item() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[3], false);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'is_category_item'));
        $this->assertTrue($grade_item->is_category_item());
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_is_course_item() {
        $grade_item = \grade_item::fetch_course_item($this->courseid);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'is_course_item'));
        $this->assertTrue($grade_item->is_course_item());
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_fetch_course_item() {
        $grade_item = \grade_item::fetch_course_item($this->courseid);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'fetch_course_item'));
        $this->assertEquals($grade_item->itemtype, 'course');
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_depends_on() {
        global $CFG;

        $origenableoutcomes = $CFG->enableoutcomes;
        $CFG->enableoutcomes = 0;
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[1], false);

        // Calculated grade dependency.
        $deps = $grade_item->depends_on();
        sort($deps, SORT_NUMERIC); // For comparison.
        $this->assertEquals(array($this->grade_items[0]->id), $deps);

        // Simulate depends on returns none when locked.
        $grade_item->locked = time();
        $grade_item->update();
        $deps = $grade_item->depends_on();
        sort($deps, SORT_NUMERIC); // For comparison.
        $this->assertEquals(array(), $deps);

        // Category dependency.
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[3], false);
        $deps = $grade_item->depends_on();
        sort($deps, SORT_NUMERIC); // For comparison.
        $res = array($this->grade_items[4]->id, $this->grade_items[5]->id);
        $this->assertEquals($res, $deps);
    }

    protected function scales_outcomes_test_grade_item_depends_on() {
        $CFG->enableoutcomes = 1;
        $origgradeincludescalesinaggregation = $CFG->grade_includescalesinaggregation;
        $CFG->grade_includescalesinaggregation = 1;

        // Scale item in category with $CFG->grade_includescalesinaggregation = 1.
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[14], false);
        $deps = $grade_item->depends_on();
        sort($deps, SORT_NUMERIC);
        $res = array($this->grade_items[16]->id);
        $this->assertEquals($res, $deps);

        // Scale item in category with $CFG->grade_includescalesinaggregation = 0.
        $CFG->grade_includescalesinaggregation = 0;
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[14], false);
        $deps = $grade_item->depends_on();
        $res = array();
        $this->assertEquals($res, $deps);
        $CFG->grade_includescalesinaggregation = 1;

        // Outcome item in category with outcomes disabled.
        $CFG->enableoutcomes = 0;
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[14], false);
        $deps = $grade_item->depends_on();
        sort($deps, SORT_NUMERIC);
        $res = array($this->grade_items[16]->id, $this->grade_items[17]->id);
        $this->assertEquals($res, $deps);

        $CFG->enableoutcomes = $origenableoutcomes;
        $CFG->grade_includescalesinaggregation = $origgradeincludescalesinaggregation;
    }

    protected function sub_test_refresh_grades() {
        // Testing with the grade item for a mod_assign instance.
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[0], false);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'refresh_grades'));
        $this->assertTrue($grade_item->refresh_grades());

        // Break the grade item and check error handling.
        $grade_item->iteminstance = 123456789;
        $this->assertFalse($grade_item->refresh_grades());
        $this->assertDebuggingCalled();
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_is_calculated() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[1], false);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'is_calculated'));
        $this->assertTrue($grade_item->is_calculated());

        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[0], false);
        $this->assertFalse($grade_item->is_calculated());
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_set_calculation() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[1], false);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'set_calculation'));
        $grade_itemsource = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[0], false);

        $grade_item->set_calculation('=[['.$grade_itemsource->idnumber.']]');

        $this->assertTrue(!empty($grade_item->needsupdate));
        $this->assertEquals('=##gi'.$grade_itemsource->id.'##', $grade_item->calculation);
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_get_calculation() {
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[1], false);
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'get_calculation'));
        $grade_itemsource = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[0], false);

        $denormalizedformula = str_replace('##gi'.$grade_itemsource->id.'##', '[['.$grade_itemsource->idnumber.']]', $this->grade_items[1]->calculation);

        $formula = $grade_item->get_calculation();
        $this->assertTrue(!empty($grade_item->needsupdate));
        $this->assertEquals($denormalizedformula, $formula);
    }

    public function sub_test_grade_item_compute() {
        $grade_item = \grade_item::fetch(array('id'=>$this->grade_items[1]->id));
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'compute'));

        // Check the grade_grades in the array match those in the DB then delete $this->grade_items[1]'s grade_grades.
        $this->grade_grades[3] = \grade_grade::fetch(array('id'=>$this->grade_grades[3]->id));
        $grade_grade = \grade_grade::fetch(array('id'=>$this->grade_grades[3]->id));
        $grade_grade->delete();

        $this->grade_grades[4] = \grade_grade::fetch(array('id'=>$this->grade_grades[4]->id));
        $grade_grade = \grade_grade::fetch(array('id'=>$this->grade_grades[4]->id));
        $grade_grade->delete();

        $this->grade_grades[5] = \grade_grade::fetch(array('id'=>$this->grade_grades[5]->id));
        $grade_grade = \grade_grade::fetch(array('id'=>$this->grade_grades[5]->id));
        $grade_grade->delete();

        // Recalculate the grades (its a calculation so pulls values from other grade_items) and reinsert them.
        $grade_item->compute();

        $grade_grade = \grade_grade::fetch(array('userid'=>$this->grade_grades[3]->userid, 'itemid'=>$this->grade_grades[3]->itemid));
        $this->assertEquals($this->grade_grades[3]->finalgrade, $grade_grade->finalgrade);

        $grade_grade = \grade_grade::fetch(array('userid'=>$this->grade_grades[4]->userid, 'itemid'=>$this->grade_grades[4]->itemid));
        $this->assertEquals($this->grade_grades[4]->finalgrade, $grade_grade->finalgrade);

        $grade_grade = \grade_grade::fetch(array('userid'=>$this->grade_grades[5]->userid, 'itemid'=>$this->grade_grades[5]->itemid));
        $this->assertEquals($this->grade_grades[5]->finalgrade, $grade_grade->finalgrade);
    }

    protected function sub_test_update_final_grade() {

        // MDL-31713 Check that min and max are set on the grade_grade instance
        // if the grade is overridden before the activity has supplied a grade.
        $min = 2;
        $max = 8;

        // Create a brand new grade item.
        $grade_item = new \grade_item();
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($grade_item, 'insert'));

        $grade_item->courseid = $this->courseid;
        $grade_item->categoryid = $this->grade_categories[1]->id;
        $grade_item->itemname = 'brand new unit test grade item';
        $grade_item->itemtype = 'mod';
        $grade_item->itemmodule = 'quiz';
        $grade_item->iteminfo = 'Grade item used for unit testing';
        $grade_item->iteminstance = $this->activities[7]->id;
        $grade_item->grademin = $min;
        $grade_item->grademax = $max;
        $grade_item->insert();

        // Override the student grade.
        $grade_item->update_final_grade($this->user[1]->id, 7, 'gradebook', '', FORMAT_MOODLE);

        // Check the student's grade has the correct min and max grade.
        $grade_grade = \grade_grade::fetch(array('userid'=>$this->user[1]->id, 'itemid'=>$grade_item->id));
        $this->assertEquals($min, $grade_grade->rawgrademin);
        $this->assertEquals($max, $grade_grade->rawgrademax);
    }

    protected function sub_test_grade_item_can_control_visibility() {
        // Grade item 0 == Course module 0 == Assignment.
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[0], false);
        $this->assertTrue($grade_item->can_control_visibility());

        // Grade item  == Course module 7 == Quiz.
        $grade_item = new \grade_item($this->grade_items[11], false);
        $this->assertFalse($grade_item->can_control_visibility());
    }

    /**
     * Test the {@link \grade_item::fix_duplicate_sortorder() function with
     * faked duplicate sortorder data.
     */
    public function sub_test_grade_item_fix_sortorder() {
        global $DB;

        $this->resetAfterTest(true);

        // Each set is used for filling the db with fake data and will be representing the result of query:
        // "SELECT sortorder from {grade_items} WHERE courseid=? ORDER BY id".
        $testsets = array(
            // Items that need no action.
            array(1,2,3),
            array(5,6,7),
            array(7,6,1,3,2,5),
            // Items with sortorder duplicates
            array(1,2,2,3,3,4,5),
            // Only one sortorder duplicate.
            array(1,1),
            array(3,3),
            // Non-sequential sortorders with one or multiple duplicates.
            array(3,3,7,5,6,6,9,10,8,3),
            array(7,7,3),
            array(3,4,5,3,5,4,7,1)
        );
        $origsequence = array();

        // Generate the data and remember the initial sequence or items.
        foreach ($testsets as $testset) {
            $course = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course();
            foreach ($testset as $sortorder) {
                $this->insert_fake_grade_item_sortorder($course->id, $sortorder);
            }
            $DB->get_records('grade_items');
            $origsequence[$course->id] = $DB->get_fieldset_sql("SELECT id FROM {grade_items} ".
                "WHERE courseid = ? ORDER BY sortorder, id", array($course->id));
        }

        $duplicatedetectionsql = "SELECT courseid, sortorder
                                    FROM {grade_items}
                                WHERE courseid = :courseid
                                GROUP BY courseid, sortorder
                                  HAVING COUNT(id) > 1";

        // Do the work.
        foreach ($origsequence as $courseid => $ignore) {
            \grade_item::fix_duplicate_sortorder($courseid);
            // Verify that no duplicates are left in the database.
            $dupes = $DB->record_exists_sql($duplicatedetectionsql, array('courseid' => $courseid));
            $this->assertFalse($dupes);
        }

        // Verify that sequences are exactly the same as they were before upgrade script.
        $idx = 0;
        foreach ($origsequence as $courseid => $sequence) {
            if (count(($testsets[$idx])) == count(array_unique($testsets[$idx]))) {
                // If there were no duplicates for this course verify that sortorders are not modified.
                $newsortorders = $DB->get_fieldset_sql("SELECT sortorder from {grade_items} WHERE courseid=? ORDER BY id", array($courseid));
                $this->assertEquals($testsets[$idx], $newsortorders);
            }
            $newsequence = $DB->get_fieldset_sql("SELECT id FROM {grade_items} ".
                "WHERE courseid = ? ORDER BY sortorder, id", array($courseid));
            $this->assertEquals($sequence, $newsequence,
                    "Sequences do not match for test set $idx : ".join(',', $testsets[$idx]));
            $idx++;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Populate some fake grade items into the database with specified
     * sortorder and course id.
     *
     * NOTE: This function doesn't make much attempt to respect the
     * gradebook internals, its simply used to fake some data for
     * testing the upgradelib function. Please don't use it for other
     * purposes.
     *
     * @param int $courseid id of course
     * @param int $sortorder numeric sorting order of item
     * @return \stdClass grade item object from the database.
     */
    private function insert_fake_grade_item_sortorder($courseid, $sortorder) {
        global $DB, $CFG;
        require_once($CFG->libdir.'/gradelib.php');

        $item = new \stdClass();
        $item->courseid = $courseid;
        $item->sortorder = $sortorder;
        $item->gradetype = GRADE_TYPE_VALUE;
        $item->grademin = 30;
        $item->grademax = 110;
        $item->itemnumber = 1;
        $item->iteminfo = '';
        $item->timecreated = time();
        $item->timemodified = time();

        $item->id = $DB->insert_record('grade_items', $item);

        return $DB->get_record('grade_items', array('id' => $item->id));
    }

    public function test_set_aggregation_fields_for_aggregation(): void {
        $course = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course();
        $gi = new \grade_item(array('courseid' => $course->id, 'itemtype' => 'manual'), false);

        $methods = array(GRADE_AGGREGATE_MEAN, GRADE_AGGREGATE_MEDIAN, GRADE_AGGREGATE_MIN, GRADE_AGGREGATE_MAX,
            GRADE_AGGREGATE_MODE, GRADE_AGGREGATE_WEIGHTED_MEAN, GRADE_AGGREGATE_WEIGHTED_MEAN2,
            GRADE_AGGREGATE_EXTRACREDIT_MEAN, GRADE_AGGREGATE_SUM);

        // Switching from and to the same aggregation using the defaults.
        foreach ($methods as $method) {
            $defaults = \grade_category::get_default_aggregation_coefficient_values($method);
            $gi->aggregationcoef = $defaults['aggregationcoef'];
            $gi->aggregationcoef2 = $defaults['aggregationcoef2'];
            $gi->weightoverride = $defaults['weightoverride'];
            $this->assertFalse($gi->set_aggregation_fields_for_aggregation($method, $method));
            $this->assertEquals($defaults['aggregationcoef'], $gi->aggregationcoef);
            $this->assertEquals($defaults['aggregationcoef2'], $gi->aggregationcoef2);
            $this->assertEquals($defaults['weightoverride'], $gi->weightoverride);
        }

        // Extra credit is kept across aggregation methods that support it.
        foreach ($methods as $from) {
            $fromsupportsec = \grade_category::aggregation_uses_extracredit($from);
            $fromdefaults = \grade_category::get_default_aggregation_coefficient_values($from);

            foreach ($methods as $to) {
                $tosupportsec = \grade_category::aggregation_uses_extracredit($to);
                $todefaults = \grade_category::get_default_aggregation_coefficient_values($to);

                // Set the item to be extra credit, if supported.
                if ($fromsupportsec) {
                    $gi->aggregationcoef = 1;
                } else {
                    $gi->aggregationcoef = $fromdefaults['aggregationcoef'];
                }

                // We ignore those fields, we know it is never used for extra credit.
                $gi->aggregationcoef2 = $todefaults['aggregationcoef2'];
                $gi->weightoverride = $todefaults['weightoverride'];

                if ($fromsupportsec && $tosupportsec) {
                    $this->assertFalse($gi->set_aggregation_fields_for_aggregation($from, $to), "From: $from, to: $to");
                    $this->assertEquals(1, $gi->aggregationcoef);

                } else if ($fromsupportsec && !$tosupportsec) {
                    if ($to == GRADE_AGGREGATE_WEIGHTED_MEAN) {
                        // Special case, aggregationcoef is used but for weights.
                        $this->assertFalse($gi->set_aggregation_fields_for_aggregation($from, $to), "From: $from, to: $to");
                        $this->assertEquals($todefaults['aggregationcoef'], $gi->aggregationcoef);
                    } else {
                        $this->assertTrue($gi->set_aggregation_fields_for_aggregation($from, $to), "From: $from, to: $to");
                        $this->assertEquals($todefaults['aggregationcoef'], $gi->aggregationcoef);
                    }
                } else {
                    // The source does not support extra credit, everything will be reset.
                    if (($from == GRADE_AGGREGATE_WEIGHTED_MEAN || $to == GRADE_AGGREGATE_WEIGHTED_MEAN) && $from != $to) {
                        // Special case, aggregationcoef is used but for weights.
                        $this->assertTrue($gi->set_aggregation_fields_for_aggregation($from, $to), "From: $from, to: $to");
                        $this->assertEquals($todefaults['aggregationcoef'], $gi->aggregationcoef);
                    } else {
                        $this->assertFalse($gi->set_aggregation_fields_for_aggregation($from, $to), "From: $from, to: $to");
                        $this->assertEquals($todefaults['aggregationcoef'], $gi->aggregationcoef);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        // Extra credit can be higher than one for GRADE_AGGREGATE_EXTRACREDIT_MEAN, but will be normalised for others.
        $from = GRADE_AGGREGATE_EXTRACREDIT_MEAN;
        $fromdefaults = \grade_category::get_default_aggregation_coefficient_values($from);

        foreach ($methods as $to) {
            if (!\grade_category::aggregation_uses_extracredit($to)) {
                continue;
            }

            $todefaults = \grade_category::get_default_aggregation_coefficient_values($to);
            $gi->aggregationcoef = 8;

            // Ignore those fields, they are not used for extra credit.
            $gi->aggregationcoef2 = $todefaults['aggregationcoef2'];
            $gi->weightoverride = $todefaults['weightoverride'];

            if ($to == $from) {
                $this->assertFalse($gi->set_aggregation_fields_for_aggregation($from, $to), "From: $from, to: $to");
                $this->assertEquals(8, $gi->aggregationcoef);
            } else {
                $this->assertTrue($gi->set_aggregation_fields_for_aggregation($from, $to), "From: $from, to: $to");
                $this->assertEquals(1, $gi->aggregationcoef);
            }
        }

        // Weights are reset.
        $from = GRADE_AGGREGATE_SUM;
        $fromdefaults = \grade_category::get_default_aggregation_coefficient_values($from);

        $gi->aggregationcoef = $fromdefaults['aggregationcoef'];
        $gi->aggregationcoef2 = 0.321;
        $gi->weightoverride = $fromdefaults['weightoverride'];

        $to = GRADE_AGGREGATE_WEIGHTED_MEAN;
        $todefaults = \grade_category::get_default_aggregation_coefficient_values($to);

        $this->assertTrue($gi->set_aggregation_fields_for_aggregation($from, $to), "From: $from, to: $to");
        $this->assertEquals($todefaults['aggregationcoef'], $gi->aggregationcoef);
        $this->assertEquals($todefaults['aggregationcoef2'], $gi->aggregationcoef2);
        $this->assertEquals($todefaults['weightoverride'], $gi->weightoverride);

        $gi->aggregationcoef = $fromdefaults['aggregationcoef'];
        $gi->aggregationcoef2 = 0.321;
        $gi->weightoverride = $fromdefaults['weightoverride'];

        $to = GRADE_AGGREGATE_SUM;
        $todefaults = \grade_category::get_default_aggregation_coefficient_values($to);

        $this->assertTrue($gi->set_aggregation_fields_for_aggregation($from, $to), "From: $from, to: $to");
        $this->assertEquals($todefaults['aggregationcoef'], $gi->aggregationcoef);
        $this->assertEquals($todefaults['aggregationcoef2'], $gi->aggregationcoef2);
        $this->assertEquals($todefaults['weightoverride'], $gi->weightoverride);

        // Weight is kept when using SUM with weight override.
        $from = GRADE_AGGREGATE_SUM;
        $fromdefaults = \grade_category::get_default_aggregation_coefficient_values($from);

        $gi->aggregationcoef = $fromdefaults['aggregationcoef'];
        $gi->aggregationcoef2 = 0.321;
        $gi->weightoverride = 1;

        $to = GRADE_AGGREGATE_SUM;
        $todefaults = \grade_category::get_default_aggregation_coefficient_values($to);

        $this->assertFalse($gi->set_aggregation_fields_for_aggregation($from, $to), "From: $from, to: $to");
        $this->assertEquals($todefaults['aggregationcoef'], $gi->aggregationcoef);
        $this->assertEquals(0.321, $gi->aggregationcoef2);
        $this->assertEquals(1, $gi->weightoverride);

        $gi->aggregationcoef2 = 0.321;
        $gi->aggregationcoef = $fromdefaults['aggregationcoef'];
        $gi->weightoverride = 1;

        $to = GRADE_AGGREGATE_WEIGHTED_MEAN;
        $todefaults = \grade_category::get_default_aggregation_coefficient_values($to);

        $this->assertTrue($gi->set_aggregation_fields_for_aggregation($from, $to), "From: $from, to: $to");
        $this->assertEquals($todefaults['aggregationcoef'], $gi->aggregationcoef);
        $this->assertEquals($todefaults['aggregationcoef2'], $gi->aggregationcoef2);
        $this->assertEquals($todefaults['weightoverride'], $gi->weightoverride);

        // Weight is kept when staying in weighted mean.
        $from = GRADE_AGGREGATE_WEIGHTED_MEAN;
        $fromdefaults = \grade_category::get_default_aggregation_coefficient_values($from);

        $gi->aggregationcoef = 18;
        $gi->aggregationcoef2 = $fromdefaults['aggregationcoef2'];
        $gi->weightoverride = $fromdefaults['weightoverride'];

        $to = GRADE_AGGREGATE_WEIGHTED_MEAN;
        $todefaults = \grade_category::get_default_aggregation_coefficient_values($to);

        $this->assertFalse($gi->set_aggregation_fields_for_aggregation($from, $to), "From: $from, to: $to");
        $this->assertEquals(18, $gi->aggregationcoef);
        $this->assertEquals($todefaults['aggregationcoef2'], $gi->aggregationcoef2);
        $this->assertEquals($todefaults['weightoverride'], $gi->weightoverride);

        $gi->aggregationcoef = 18;
        $gi->aggregationcoef2 = $fromdefaults['aggregationcoef2'];
        $gi->weightoverride = $fromdefaults['weightoverride'];

        $to = GRADE_AGGREGATE_SUM;
        $todefaults = \grade_category::get_default_aggregation_coefficient_values($to);

        $this->assertTrue($gi->set_aggregation_fields_for_aggregation($from, $to), "From: $from, to: $to");
        $this->assertEquals($todefaults['aggregationcoef'], $gi->aggregationcoef);
        $this->assertEquals($todefaults['aggregationcoef2'], $gi->aggregationcoef2);
        $this->assertEquals($todefaults['weightoverride'], $gi->weightoverride);
    }

    /**
     * Test that grade item event triggered when a grade item is created.
     */
    protected function sub_test_grade_item_created_event() {
        $sink = $this->redirectEvents();

        $gradeitem = new \grade_item();

        $gradeitem->courseid = $this->courseid;
        $gradeitem->categoryid = $this->grade_categories[1]->id;
        $gradeitem->itemname = 'unittestgradeitem4';
        $gradeitem->itemtype = 'mod';
        $gradeitem->itemmodule = 'quiz';
        $gradeitem->iteminfo = 'Grade item used for unit testing';

        $gradeitem->insert();

        $result = $sink->get_events();
        $sink->close();

        $this->assertCount(1, $result);

        $event = reset($result);
        $this->assertEventContextNotUsed($event);
        $this->assertInstanceOf('core\event\grade_item_created', $event);

        $eventgradeitem = $event->get_grade_item();

        $this->assertInstanceOf('grade_item', $eventgradeitem);
        $this->assertEquals($gradeitem->id, $eventgradeitem->id);
        $this->assertEquals($gradeitem->itemname, $event->other['itemname']);
        $this->assertEquals($gradeitem->itemtype, $event->other['itemtype']);
        $this->assertEquals($gradeitem->itemmodule, $event->other['itemmodule']);
    }

    /**
     * Test that grade item event triggered when a grade item is updated.
     */
    protected function sub_test_grade_item_updated_event() {
        $gradeitem = new \grade_item();

        $gradeitem->courseid = $this->courseid;
        $gradeitem->categoryid = $this->grade_categories[1]->id;
        $gradeitem->itemname = 'unittestgradeitem4';
        $gradeitem->itemtype = 'mod';
        $gradeitem->itemmodule = 'quiz';
        $gradeitem->iteminfo = 'Grade item used for unit testing';
        $gradeitem->insert();

        $sink = $this->redirectEvents();

        $gradeitem->itemname = 'updatedname';
        $gradeitem->update();

        $result = $sink->get_events();
        $sink->close();

        $this->assertCount(1, $result);

        $event = reset($result);
        $this->assertInstanceOf('core\event\grade_item_updated', $event);
        $this->assertEventContextNotUsed($event);

        $eventgradeitem = $event->get_grade_item();

        $this->assertInstanceOf('grade_item', $eventgradeitem);
        $this->assertEquals($gradeitem->id, $eventgradeitem->id);
        $this->assertEquals($gradeitem->itemtype, $event->other['itemtype']);
        $this->assertEquals($gradeitem->itemmodule, $event->other['itemmodule']);
        $this->assertEquals('updatedname', $event->other['itemname']);
    }


    /**
     * Test grade item duplication expecting success.
     */
    public function test_grade_duplicate_grade_item_success(): void {
        $cat = new \grade_category();
        $cat->courseid = $this->courseid;
        $cat->fullname = 'Grade category';
        $cat->insert();

        // Method exists.
        $gi = new \grade_item();
        $this->assertTrue(method_exists($gi, 'duplicate'));

        // Grade item is inserted and valid for duplication.
        $gi->courseid = $this->courseid;
        $gi->categoryid = $cat->id;
        $gi->itemtype = 'manual';
        $gi->itemname = 'Grade Item 1';
        $gi->idnumber = '1000';
        $gi->insert();
        $gi2 = $gi->duplicate();

        $this->assertEquals($gi->courseid, $gi2->courseid);
        $this->assertEquals($gi->categoryid, $gi2->categoryid);
        $this->assertEquals($gi->itemtype, $gi2->itemtype);
        $this->assertEquals($gi->gradetype, $gi2->gradetype);
        $this->assertEquals($gi->grademax, $gi2->grademax);
        $this->assertEquals($gi->grademin, $gi2->grademin);
        $this->assertEquals($gi->gradepass, $gi2->gradepass);
        $this->assertEquals($gi->display, $gi2->display);
        $this->assertEquals($gi->decimals, $gi2->decimals);
        $this->assertEquals($gi->hidden, $gi2->hidden);
        $this->assertEquals($gi->weightoverride, $gi2->weightoverride);

        $this->assertNotEquals($gi->id, $gi2->id);
        $this->assertNotEquals($gi->idnumber, $gi2->idnumber);
        $this->assertNotEquals($gi->sortorder, $gi2->sortorder);
        $this->assertNotEquals($gi->itemname, $gi2->itemname);
    }

    /**
     * Test grade item duplication exception expected with incomplete grade item.
     */
    public function test_grade_duplicate_grade_item_incomplete(): void {
        // Grade item is not valid because it is empty.
        $gi = new \grade_item();
        $gi->courseid = $this->courseid;
        $this->expectException("moodle_exception");
        $gi2 = $gi->duplicate();
    }

    /**
     * Test grade item duplication exception expected because item must be in db.
     */
    public function test_grade_duplicate_grade_item_not_in_db(): void {
        $cat = new \grade_category();
        $cat->courseid = $this->courseid;
        $cat->fullname = 'Grade category';
        $cat->insert();

        // Grade item is valid for insertion but is not inserted into db.
        // Duplicate method throws an exception.
        $gi = new \grade_item();
        $gi->courseid = $this->courseid;
        $gi->categoryid = $cat->id;
        $gi->itemtype = 'manual';
        $gi->itemname = 'Grade Item 1';
        $gi->idnumber = '1000';

        $this->expectException("moodle_exception");
        $gi2 = $gi->duplicate();
    }
}